Real estate development
Work in preparation for construction
November 14, 2011 | 
Author All works on erection of the building are divided into: zero overhead loop, loop, trim, special cycles. Zero cycle is work performed below 0.00, t. e. device drainages, digging pits, trenches, foundations and cellars, engineering networks, etc. Ground loop is the construction of walls, partitions, staircases, floors, roofs. All sky cycle are at the end of the zero cycle. Finishing cycle is the plaster cladding tile, painting, pasting of wallpaper, glass, a variety of genders. Special cycle — includes domestic water supply, sewerage, heating, ventilation, gas, electricity, installation, radio, alarm. If the work is carried out in two shifts, the first shift on the first tier is masonry. Installation stages are in the second shift, prepare a brick for the next (second) tier. The next day you are working in the same order.
Water supply and sewerage of a residential building
Water, sewage and sanitation equipment and life-support systems are facilities buildings, enterprises and localities, without which there cannot be normal development of civilized society of modern production. The right solution engineering challenges for water and sanitation services largely determines the level of accomplishment of populated places, residential, public and industrial buildings, as well as rational use and reproduction of natural resources.
In the context of scientific and technological progress, further development of the plumbing and sanitation systems is essential for the implementation of the program of construction in all regions of the country. This is especially felt in the design and implementation of environmental protection and rational use and reproduction of natural resources.
Internal plumbing
Internal plumbing is a piping system and devices, ensuring water supply for sanitary appliances, fire hydrants, and technological equipment, serving one or group of buildings or constructions, and a common device of water supply locality or industrial enterprises.
Internal plumbing can be attached to a central system water locality or equipped with devices to obtain water from local water from underground or surface sources.
Because the internal plumbing must be designed for water supply that meets the requirements of GOST 2874-82, drinking water for drinking, washing, bathing, cooking and other domestic uses, so apply domestic drinking water supplies.
To select the way you use water with a water jet.
Water regime and the appointment of the building makes use of internal networks of water pipes, dead-end because you can break in water supply in the event of a failure of part or all of the water supply.
Location of main pipelines shall be designed in the lower part of the building, i.e. the use of networks of piped water from the bottom of cabling.
Connection to urban water in your well using clutch-’ saddles ‘. Outdoor plumbing network runs from galvanized ordinary pipes. Enter water pipes attached at right angles to the wall of the building. Input diameter is determined by the calculation. Depth type with a gradient from the building is taken depending on the depth of lying of urban water supply and soil frost. Water standpipes are located in the washrooms and kitchens, in the vicinity of water consumption. Mainline pipeline within the basement connects the base of the risers and laid on the walls and columns sloping towards the tide site. The valves are installed on the ramifications and cabling, the ramifications in the apartment.
Internal sewerage
Internal sewerage system is a system of pipelines and facilities, limited external surfaces of frame structures and editions before the first of the wells for diverting wastewater sanitary-engineering devices and manufacturing equipment, if necessary, pre-cleaning.
Designing internal sewerage House start with the placement of sewer risers, transporting waste water from drainage lines in the lower part of the building. Risers have near the sink waste water (toilets, baths). The entire height of the sewer risers have the same diameter, equal to 100 mm. Risers are openly at the walls and partitions, closer to the corner.
The riser’s internal sewerage installation audits and tassel. Audit on the stand must be located in the basement, at first, the last floors and through the floor. Tassel is installed on the network turns when changing the direction of the risers in the early portions of the drainage pipes. Editions from the risers to manholes on grassroots network are provided with a gradient.
Yard sewage network is arranged from the ceramic pressure-free tubes with a diameter of not less than 150 mm, which joins the urban street sewage systems. Yard sewage network lay parallel to the outer walls of the building.
Posted in Building, Real estate development | 
Tags: Drainage Lines, Drainage Pipes, External Surfaces, Frame Structures, Sewage Systems, Water Toilets | 
No Comments »
Problems of pricing in construction and residential real estate market
Aspects of the relationship of organizations with businesses, developers of engineering and energy complex in the implementation of the “affordable housing” are of great importance.
It should be noted that the established practice of organizing companies, developers are obliged to engineering and energy industry to pay energy consumed, both during the construction of the house, and in its subsequent operation of fares in accordance with temporary contracts for construction needs. How long will the developers pay for the monopolists to this difference depends on the monopolists themselves and the activity of individuals who will hold title to the premises in a newly built house.
In this regard, it is necessary to take some action by the authorities and especially at the legislative level to establish clearly defined procedure for interaction of organizations, developers with enterprise engineering and energy on obtaining technical conditions of accession, transfer to a permanent scheme, etc.) ;
- scarcity of land resources (especially in large cities) and the high price of a lease or purchase. At the same time available to the companies is rapidly shrinking reserve areas;
The main negative factors contributing to the increase in construction costs:
- the high cost of engineering training areas, the inadequacy of rules for determining the cost of connection to utility networks and high tariffs for the connection.
- presence in the construction of non-cash settlements (barter) – products and services for the apartment;
- frequent stops of the production cycle and conservation of objects due to lack of funding;
- low level of organization of the construction process, logistics and settlement construction;
- inadequate legal and regulatory framework in the construction pricing and bidding procedures for selecting a contractor or supplier of resources;
- annotations in the estimates of contractors, an overestimation of the works;
- a large number of small firms that act as the leading property developers and construction houses 2.1, which dramatically increases the risks and cost of construction. (About 50% of housing is being built by small and medium-sized construction companies);
- presence of a large number of construction industry vzaimoprotivorechaschih instructions, directives and letters of various departmental executive agencies;
- lack of co-ordinating body for determining the cost of construction, etc.
Posted in Real estate development | Tags: Construction Houses, Enterprise Engineering, Pricing And Bidding, Property Developers, Reserve Areas, Scarcity Of Land | Comments Closed